Person Page - 364

     He was born on 20 October 1827 or 26 October 1827 in Caroline County, Virginia, USA. Headstone lists date as Oct 20, Obit lists October 26.^3,2,4 He was the son of Reuben Whittaker and Priscilla Saunders.² He married Angeletta Bozarth on 11 January 1855 in Madison County, Ohio, USA.³ He married Sarah Harmon, daughter of Isaac Harmon and Nancy Unknown, on 25 September 1864 in Johnson County, Kansas, USA.^5,3,6 He died on 29 August 1902 in Gardner, Johnson, Kansas, USA.^2,1,4 He was buried after 29 August 1902 in Gardner Cemetery, Gardner, Johnson, Kansas, USA.⁷

Census Information

     He appeared on the 1850 Federal Census of Western District, Henrico, Virginia, USA, enumerated 6 August 1850. His brothers and sisters, Susan, Elizabeth, William, Rebecca, Charles, Phillip and Edward were listed as living with him.⁸ He and Sarah Harmon appeared on the 1870 Federal Census of Gardner, Johnson, Kansas, USA, enumerated 20 June 1870. Their children Robert, William and Elnora were listed as living with them.⁹

     He was born circa 1864 in Livingston County, Illinois, USA.^2,3 He was the son of Charles Saunders Whittaker and Nancy Dean.² He married Louella Davis, daughter of Francis Marion Davis and Mary Belle Lowrey, on 16 October 1888 in Otoe County, Nebraska, USA.^1,2 He died in 1904.^1,4

Census Information

     He appeared on the 1880 Federal Census of Waldo, Livingston, Illinois, in the household of his parents, Charles Saunders Whittaker and Nancy Dean.³

     He was born on 25 November 1897 in Gandy, Logan, Nebraska, USA.^1,2 He was the son of Edward Whittaker and Hannah L Pedrick.¹ He married Electra Pearl Wiscomb before 1920.^3,4 He and Electra Pearl Wiscomb were divorced before 1930 (They are both listed as divorced in the 1930 US Census.) He married Elsie Mae Cooper before 1940.⁵ He died in June 1963 at age 65.⁶

     She was born on 16 February 1892 in Nebraska, USA.¹ She was the daughter of John Thomas Whittaker and Louella Davis.¹ She married Harrison A Morris in 1910.¹ She died on 8 January 1973 in Coos Bay, Coos, Oregon, USA, at age 80.¹

     She was born on 30 October 1909 in Virginia, USA.^2,3 She was the daughter of Silas Alexander Whittaker and Patience Adelle Thurman.² She married Leslie Morrison Spriggs, son of Nathan Leslie Spriggs and Lyda Elizabeth Haynie, on 1 January 1931 in Baltimore, Maryland, USA.^4,5,6 She died on 18 March 1952 in Reedville, Northumberland, Virginia, USA, at age 42.^7,3 She was buried after 18 March 1952 in Roseland Cemetery, Reedville, Northumberland, Virginia, USA.⁸

Census Information

     She appeared on the 1920 Federal Census of Wicomico, Northumberland, Virginia, in the household of her parents, Silas Alexander Whittaker and Patience Adelle Thurman.²

     He was born on 7 August 1907 in Virginia, USA.³ He was the son of Silas Alexander Whittaker and Patience Adelle Thurman.² He married Eunice Booker Elmore on 23 September 1933 in Lancaster County, Virginia, USA.^1,4 He died on 12 February 1974 in Northumberland County, Virginia, USA, at age 66.^3,1,5

Census Information

     He appeared on the 1920 Federal Census of Wicomico, Northumberland, Virginia, in the household of his parents, Silas Alexander Whittaker and Patience Adelle Thurman.²

     He was born on 5 January 1949 in Richmond, Virginia, USA.^2,3 He was the son of Louis Thurman Whittaker and Eunice Booker Elmore.¹
     The following obituary appeared 22 October 2009 :
He died on 22 October 2009 in Kilmarnock, Lancaster, Virginia, USA, at age 60.⁴ He was buried after 22 October 2009 in Morattico Baptist Church Cemetery, Kilmarnock, Lancaster, Virginia, USA.⁵

     She was born in 1873.⁴ She was the daughter of Edward S Whittaker and Nancy Wilson.^2,3 She died in 1877 in Lorton, Otoe, Nebraska, USA.⁴ She was buried after 27 January 1877 in Wyuka Cemetery, Nebraska City, Otoe, Nebraska, USA. Louise's plot was located in OG-715-05.⁵

     He was born on 4 May 1900 in Nebraska, USA.¹ He was the son of Edward Whittaker and Hannah L Pedrick.¹ He died on 23 September 1900 in Nebraska, USA.²

     She was born on 30 September 1902 in Nebraska, USA.^1,2,3,4 She was the daughter of Silas Alexander Whittaker and Patience Adelle Thurman.¹ She died on 16 October 1979 in Kilmarnock, Lancaster, Virginia, USA, at age 77.^2,3,4 She was buried after 16 October 1979 in Morattico Baptist Church, Morattico, Lancaster, Virginia, USA.⁵

Census Information

     She appeared on the 1920 Federal Census of Wicomico, Northumberland, Virginia, in the household of her parents, Silas Alexander Whittaker and Patience Adelle Thurman.¹ She appeared on the 1940 Federal Census of Alexandria, Virginia, enumerated 24 April 1940.⁶

     She was born circa 1860 in Illinois, USA.^2,1 She was the daughter of Charles Saunders Whittaker and Nancy Dean.¹ She married John Gee, son of William Gee and Ellen Gaskell, on 18 August 1880 in Livingston County, Illinois, USA.¹ She died before 1899. I am assuming this based on the fact that John Gee remarried in September of 1899 and has the children in the 1900 US census.³

Census Information

     She appeared on the 1880 Federal Census of Waldo, Livingston, Illinois, in the household of her parents, Charles Saunders Whittaker and Nancy Dean.⁴

     She was born on 22 September 1881 in Lorton, Otoe, Nebraska, USA.¹ She was the daughter of Edward S Whittaker and Nancy Wilson.^2,3 She married Iva Cupid McCrory on 6 February 1902.⁴ She died on 30 November 1964 in Lincoln, Lancaster, Nebraska, USA, at age 83.¹ She was buried after 30 November 1964 in Wabash Cemetery, Wabash, Cass, Nebraska, USA.¹

Census Information

     She and Iva Cupid McCrory appeared on the 1920 Federal Census of Elmwood, Cass, Nebraska, enumerated 27 February 1920. Their children Maurice, Edna and Lela were listed as living with them.⁵

     Merinda Adelia Whittaker was also known as Miranda.³ She was born on 14 August 1866 in Belmont, Otoe, Nebraska, USA.^4,1 She was the daughter of Reuben Whittaker and Jane Wilson.^1,2 She married Edward Joseph Cooper, son of George Cooper and Elizabeth J Simpson, on 13 January 1886 in USA.^5,6 She died in May 1914 in Topeka, Shawnee, Kansas, USA, at age 47. Her headstone reads May 14 but the obituary on June 4 indicates she died the previous Sunday which would be May 31.^7,8

Census Information

     She appeared on the 1870 Federal Census of Delaware, Otoe, Nebraska, USA, in the household of her parents, Reuben Whittaker and Jane Wilson.² She appeared on the 1880 Federal Census of Belmont, Otoe, Nebraska, in the household of her parents, Reuben Whittaker and Jane Wilson.⁹ She and Edward Joseph Cooper appeared on the 1910 Federal Census of Wabaunsee Twp, Wabaunsee, Nebraska, enumerated 4 May 1910. Their children Bessie, Irl and Irlene were listed as living with them, Merinda's father Reuben was also listed as living with them.¹⁰

     She was born on 12 June 1871.² She was the daughter of John Saunders Whittaker and Sarah Harmon. She died on 26 July 1871.³ She was buried after 26 July 1871 in Gardner Cemetery, Gardner, Johnson, Kansas, USA.¹

     She was born on 9 November 1864 in Belmont, Otoe, Nebraska, USA.^4,1 She was the daughter of Reuben Whittaker and Jane Wilson.^1,2,3 She married John Joseph Buckridge on 29 January 1888 in Otoe County, Nebraska, USA.⁵ She and George W Phillips obtained a marriage license on 21 July 1903 in Otoe County, Nebraska, USA.^6,7 She married John Gee, son of William Gee and Ellen Gaskell, on 2 January 1906 in Dunbar, Otoe, Nebraska, USA.^8,9,10 She died on 25 July 1959 in Santa Clara County, California, USA, at age 94.⁴

Census Information

     She appeared on the 1870 Federal Census of Delaware, Otoe, Nebraska, USA, in the household of her parents, Reuben Whittaker and Jane Wilson.² She appeared on the 1880 Federal Census of Belmont, Otoe, Nebraska, in the household of her parents, Reuben Whittaker and Jane Wilson.³ She appeared on the 1900 Federal Census of Delaware, Otoe, Nebraska, enumerated 2 June 1900. Her children Neva, Russell, Willard, Ruby and Ada were listed as living with her.¹¹ She and John Gee appeared on the 1910 Federal Census of Lemoore, Kings, California, enumerated 7 May 1910. Their children Ola, Ruby, Willard and Ada were listed as living with them.¹⁰ She and Willard Reuben Buckridge appeared on the 1930 Federal Census of Armona, Kings, California, enumerated 2 April 1930. Their children Jeanne, Pauline and Lois were listed as living with them.¹² She appeared on the 1930 Federal Census of Armona, Kings, California, in the household of Jacob Gustavus Detrich and Neva Jean Buckridge.¹³ She appeared on the 1950 Federal Census of Hanford, Kings, California, in the household of her daughter Ada Mae Buckridge.¹⁴

     She was born on 25 December 1901 in Omaha, Douglas, Nebraska, USA.^1,2,3 She was the daughter of Thomas Reuben Whittaker and Frances Deborah Cooper.¹ She died on 18 October 1997 in Taylor, Wayne, Michigan, USA, at age 95.³ She was buried after 18 October 1997 in Michigan Memorial Park, Flat Rock, Wayne, Michigan, USA. Nellie's plot was located in Block 17-Fairlane Gardens Section: 397 Space: 3.⁴

     She was born on 7 August 1889 in Nebraska, USA.^1,2 She was the daughter of Edward Whittaker and Hannah L Pedrick.¹ She married William Albert Balfour on 20 December 1906 in Lincoln County, Nebraska, USA.³ She died on 15 August 1978 at age 89.^2,4 She was buried on 18 August 1978 in Rosewood Cemetery, Palmyra, Otoe, Nebraska, USA.^4,5

     She was born on 9 November 1874 in Illinois, USA.^1,2 She was the daughter of Charles Saunders Whittaker and Nancy Dean.¹ She married William A Carpenter, son of Jasper Carpenter and Rebecca Graham, on 25 February 1905 in Lincoln, Lancaster, Nebraska, USA.³ She died on 20 June 1959 in Solano County, California, USA, at age 84.² She was buried after 20 June 1959 in Sunrise Memorial Cemetery, Vallejo, Solano, California, USA.⁴

Census Information

     She appeared on the 1880 Federal Census of Waldo, Livingston, Illinois, in the household of her parents, Charles Saunders Whittaker and Nancy Dean.¹

     She was born on 10 September 1897 in Nebraska, USA.¹ She was the daughter of John Thomas Whittaker and Louella Davis.¹ She married Walter L Ingwersen circa 1914.² She died in October 1982 in Eugene, Lane, Oregon, USA, at age 85.¹

     He was born in 1839 in Virginia, USA.¹ He was the son of Reuben Whittaker and Priscilla Saunders.¹

Census Information

     He appeared on the 1850 Federal Census of Western District, Henrico, Virginia, USA, in the household of his brother, John Saunders Whittaker.²

     She was born on 1 January 1861 in Belmont, Otoe, Nebraska, USA.^1,2 She was the daughter of Reuben Whittaker and Jane Wilson.^1,2 She married Samuel Oliver Lowrey, son of John Milton Lowery and Charlotte Moriel Williams, on 21 December 1877 in Phelps County, Missouri, USA; Some sources give 29 Dec as date.^2,3,4,5 In 1904 Priscilla Jane Whittaker and Samuel Oliver Lowrey moved from Nebraska with their children to live in Merry Point, Lancaster, Virginia, USA.⁶ In 1913 Priscilla Jane Whittaker and Samuel Oliver Lowrey moved back to Atkinson, Holt, Nebraska, USA. Their daughter Charlotte and her husband Ryland came with them.⁶ Priscilla Jane Whittaker served as a 'Red Cross Knitter' during WWI to support the troops circa 1917 in Otoe County, Nebraska, USA.⁷ She died on 9 May 1933 in Douglas, Otoe, Nebraska, USA, at age 72.^1,8,9 She was buried on 12 May 1933 in RoseHill Cemetery, Block D, Douglas, Otoe, Nebraska, USA.^1,9,10

Census Information

     She and Samuel Oliver Lowrey appeared on the 1880 Federal Census of McWilliams, Otoe, Nebraska, enumerated June 1880, Samuel's brother John Washington Lowrey was also livbing with him. Their son John was listed as living with them.¹¹ She and Samuel Oliver Lowrey appeared on the 1900 Federal Census of Palmyra, Otoe, Nebraska, enumerated 22 June 1900. Their children Myrtle, Addie and Charlotte were listed as living with them.¹² She and Samuel Oliver Lowrey appeared on the 1910 Federal Census of Mantua, Lancaster, Virginia, enumerated 26 April 1910. Their daughter Charlotte was listed as living with them.¹³ She and Samuel Oliver Lowrey appeared on the 1920 Federal Census of Douglas, Otoe, Nebraska, at Third St, enumerated 27 January 1920.¹⁴ She and Samuel Oliver Lowrey appeared on the 1930 Federal Census of Douglas Village, Otoe, Nebraska, enumerated 22 April 1930.¹⁵

     She was born on 14 April 1835 in Caroline County, Virginia, USA.¹ She was the daughter of Reuben Whittaker and Priscilla Saunders.¹ She married John Gregg on 1 January 1858.² She died on 6 August 1865 in Warren County, Indiana, USA, at age 30.^2,1 She was buried after 6 August 1865 in Fetterling Cemetery, Rainsville, Warren, Indiana, USA.³

Census Information

     She appeared on the 1850 Federal Census of Western District, Henrico, Virginia, USA, in the household of her brother, John Saunders Whittaker.⁴ She and John Gregg appeared on the 1860 Federal Census of Jordan, Warren, Indiana, USA, enumerated 6 June 1860. Their children Washington and Agnes were listed as living with them.⁵

     She was born on 15 October 1862 in Belmont, Otoe, Nebraska, USA.^4,1,5 She was the daughter of Reuben Whittaker and Jane Wilson.^1,2,3 She married John Sinclair, son of Duncan Sinclair and Mary McCraig, on 21 September 1882 in Otoe County, Nebraska, USA.⁶ She died on 2 April 1885 at age 22.⁵ She was buried after 2 April 1885 in Wyuka Cemetery, Nebraska City, Otoe, Nebraska, USA.⁷

Census Information

     She appeared on the 1870 Federal Census of Delaware, Otoe, Nebraska, USA, in the household of her parents, Reuben Whittaker and Jane Wilson.² She appeared on the 1880 Federal Census of Belmont, Otoe, Nebraska, in the household of her parents, Reuben Whittaker and Jane Wilson.³

     From Portrait and Biographical Album of Otoe and Cass Counties, Nebraska, 1889:

Reuben Whittaker is one of the extensive and prosperous agriculturists of Belmont Precinct. He was born in Caroline County, Virginia, on the 29th day of Decem-ber, 1831. His father, Reuben Whittaker, was also a Virginian, although of English descent, as was also his wife, whose maiden name was Priscilla Saunders. The occupation of the father was a farmer, and our subject was reared upon the home farm.
Such education as our subject could obtain as a boy was received in one of the primitive schoolhouses, where the chief building materials employed were the logs from the neighboring clearing and mud cement from the stream. The internal arrangements were equally rough, but then they served their purpose, and there went from these houses men who have made their mark in every part of the world's great field of battle.

Mr. Whittaker went to Licking County, Ohio, in the year 1846 and settled at Etna, which is situated upon the National Park. Subsequently he went to Franklin County, in the same state, and worked upon a farm for three years. Then he went South to Louisiana and other Southern States, and also for a time worked on a flatboat on the river. He went to Illinois in 1852, and for two years lived in Winnebago County, near the town of Rockford. From there he went to his uncle in Northeastern Iowa, and in 1856 came to this county and settled on the southeast quarter of section 36, in Delaware Precinct.

In the fall of 1857 our subject took the place he now farms, built a residence and settled there. It was wild land at that time, and he was compelled to hunt for the line and the corners of his property by the help of a pocket compass, and then stepping the distance. Indians were not at all unusual visitors, but beyond causing his wife an occasional fright in his absence, gave very little trouble.

From that time until the present he has patiently gone on with the good work of improving his property, and building up and solidifying his interests. He now owns 400 acres, and uses the same for general farming and stock-raising, giving the chief importance to the latter. His stock are chiefly highgrade Short-horn cattle and Poland-China hogs.

On the 29th of December, 1857, Mr. Whittaker was married to Jane, daughter of Thomas and Jane (Dunbar) Wilson. They came here from Canada to 1856, and she was the eldest of eleven children born to her parents. Mr. and Mrs. Whittaker became the parents of eleven children, six living -- Thomas R., Priscilla, Nancy E., Merinda, Silas A. and Ada M. One daughter, Rebecca, was married to John St. Clair, and died leaving two children, one of whom, Walter, is still living; the other members of the family were John, Ida, William H. and Elizabeth. The eldest son, Thomas, married Fannie Cooper, and now lives at Delta, in this county, and has two children, Roy and Eugene; Priscilla is the wife of Samuel Lowery, of McWilliams Precinct, and the mother of three children -- May, Myrtle and Ida; Nancy is now Mrs. John Buckridge, of Rock Creek Precinct; Merinda married Mr. Edward J. Cooper, and has one child, to whom is given the name Kate.
Mr. and Mrs. Whittaker are members of the Baptist Church, and attend at Delta. They have been connected with the Baptist communion for twenty years. Our subject has never taken any prominent part in political affairs, although he is a true and loyal citizen, and always votes the Republican ticket.³ He was born on 29 December 1831 in Caroline County, Virginia, USA.^2,4 He was the son of Reuben Whittaker and Priscilla Saunders.^1,2 He married Jane Wilson, daughter of Thomas Wilson and Jane Dunbar, on 29 December 1857 in Otoe County, Nebraska, USA.² He died on 21 December 1912 in Armona, Kings, California, USA, at age 80.⁵ He was buried after 21 December 1912 in Wyuka Cemetery, Nebraska City, Otoe, Nebraska, USA.^1,4

Census Information

     He and Jane Wilson appeared on the 1870 Federal Census of Delaware, Otoe, Nebraska, USA, enumerated 1870. Their children Thomas, Rebecca, Nancy, Merinda and Elizabeth were listed as living with them.⁶ He and Jane Wilson appeared on the 1880 Federal Census of Belmont, Otoe, Nebraska, enumerated 12 June 1880. Their children Thomas, Rebecca, Nancy, Merinda, Silas and Ada were listed as living with them.⁷ He appeared on the 1910 Federal Census of Wabaunsee Twp, Wabaunsee, Nebraska, in the household of his daughter Merinda Adelia Whittaker and Edward Joseph Cooper.⁸

     From Portrait and Biographical Album of Otoe and Cass Counties, Nebraska, 1889
(Now online at the Nebraska Online Library at Rootsweb).

http://www.rootsweb.com/~neresour/OLLibrary/pbco/pages/baco0070.htm

Reuben Whittaker is one of the extensive and prosperous agriculturists of Belmont Precinct. He was born in Caroline County, Virginia, on the 29th day of December, 1831. His father, Reuben Whittaker, was also a Virginian, although of English descent, as was also his wife, whose maiden name was Priscilla Saunders. The occupation of the father was a farmer, and our subject was reared upon the home farm.
Such education as our subject could obtain as a boy was received in one of the primitive schoolhouses, where the chief building materials employed were the logs from the neighboring clearing and mud cement from the stream. The internal arrangements were equally rough, but then they served their purpose, and there went from these houses men who have made their mark in every part of the world's great field of battle.

Mr. Whittaker went to Licking County, Ohio, in the year 1846 and settled at Etna, which is situated upon the National Park. Subsequently he went to Franklin County, in the same state, and worked upon a farm for three years. Then he went South to Louisiana and other Southern States, and also for a time worked on a flatboat on the river. He went to Illinois in 1852, and for two years lived in Winnebago County, near the town of Rockford. From there he went to his uncle in Northeastern Iowa, and in 1856 came to this county and settled on the southeast quarter of section 36, in Delaware Precinct.

In the fall of 1857 our subject took the place he now farms, built a residence and settled there. It was wild land at that time, and he was compelled to hunt for the line and the corners of his property by the help of a pocket compass, and then stepping the distance. Indians were not at all unusual visitors, but beyond causing his wife an occasional fright in his absence, gave very little trouble.

From that time until the present he has patiently gone on with the good work of improving his property, and building up and solidifying his interests. He now owns 400 acres, and uses the same for general farming and stock-raising, giving the chief importance to the latter. His stock are chiefly highgrade Short-horn cattle and Poland-China hogs.

On the 29th of December, 1857, Mr. Whittaker was married to Jane, daughter of Thomas and Jane (Dunbar) Wilson. They came here from Canada to 1856, and she was the eldest of eleven children born to her parents. Mr. and Mrs. Whittaker became the parents of eleven children, six living -- Thomas R., Priscilla, Nancy E., Merinda, Silas A. and Ada M. One daughter, Rebecca, was married to John St. Clair, and died leaving two children, one of whom, Walter, is still living; the other members of the family were John, Ida, William H. and Elizabeth. The eldest son, Thomas, married Fannie Cooper, and now lives at Delta, in this county, and has two children, Roy and Eugene; Priscilla is the wife of Samuel Lowery, of McWilliams Precinct, and the mother of three children -- May, Myrtle and Ida; Nancy is now Mrs. John Buckridge, of Rock Creek Precinct; Merinda married Mr. Edward J. Cooper, and has one child, to whom is given the name Kate.
Mr. and Mrs. Whittaker are members of the Baptist Church, and attend at Delta. They have been connected with the Baptist communion for twenty years. Our subject has never taken any prominent part in political affairs, although he is a true and loyal citizen, and always votes the Republican ticket. He was born circa 1800 in Virginia, USA.¹ He married Priscilla Saunders on 30 December 1823 in Caroline County, Virginia, USA.² He died before 1870.

     He was born on 9 January 1858 in Kansas, USA.^1,2 He was the son of John Saunders Whittaker and Angeletta Bozarth.¹ He died on 25 April 1925 at age 67.³ He was buried after 25 April 1925 in Gardner Cemetery, Gardner, Johnson, Kansas, USA.⁴

Census Information

     He appeared on the 1870 Federal Census of Gardner, Johnson, Kansas, USA, in the household of his parents, John Saunders Whittaker and Sarah Harmon.⁵

     He was born on 1 May 1886 in Lorton, Otoe, Nebraska, USA.^2,3,4,1 He was the son of Thomas Reuben Whittaker and Frances Deborah Cooper.¹ He died on 3 December 1971 in Nebraska City, Otoe, Nebraska, USA, at age 85. I did not find any evidence that he had ever married.⁴ He was buried after 3 December 1971 in Wyuka Cemetery, Nebraska City, Otoe, Nebraska, USA.⁵

Census Information

     He appeared on the 1900 Federal Census of Omaha, Douglas, Nebraska, in the household of his parents, Thomas Reuben Whittaker and Frances Deborah Cooper.¹

     He married Ruth Page, daughter of Jacob Page and Sarah Johnson.¹

     She was born on 30 November 1895 in Nebraska, USA.^1,2 She was the daughter of Edward Whittaker and Hannah L Pedrick.¹ She married Eberly Thomas before 1920.³ She died on 3 January 1958 at age 62.²

     He was born on 4 September 1875 in Dunbar, Otoe, Nebraska, USA.^1,5,2,6 He was the son of Reuben Whittaker and Jane Wilson.^2,3,4 He married Patience Adelle Thurman, daughter of William Allen Thurman and Mary Morton, on 18 July 1899 in Sioux City, Woodbury, Iowa, USA.³ He died on 4 October 1946 in Ditchley, Northumberland, Virginia, USA, at age 71.^5,7 He was buried after 4 October 1946 in Morattico Baptist Church, Morattico, Lancaster, Virginia, USA.⁸

Census Information

     He appeared on the 1880 Federal Census of Belmont, Otoe, Nebraska, in the household of his parents, Reuben Whittaker and Jane Wilson.⁴ He and Patience Adelle Thurman appeared on the 1920 Federal Census of Wicomico, Northumberland, Virginia, enumerated 12 February 1920. Their children Lula, Clarence, Louis, Lottie and Gladys were listed as living with them.⁹